Bollywood and Cricket Essay Example for Free

Bollywood and Cricket EssayThe two things that unite the rich and the poor, the educated elite and the illiterate, the city-dwellers and the villagers in India are doubtlessly Bollywood and Cricket Both have their own share of success and booster cable factor Shah Rukh Khan has a big fan following in Germany, maculation Sachin Tendulkar was gifted a Ferrari by Michael Schumacher. Both are big business linees the Bollywood stars as do the cricketers appear regularly on TV to endorse everything from under-garments to life indemnification to passenger cars. How about bringing them together and thats what happened in 2008 when the Indian Premier League (IPL) was inaugurated. Cricket, in its traditional form, usually being a day-long or a five-day game, because of the the season of the game, was always seen by the Europeans and Americans as something boring that only cricket-crazy Indians could watch. How about making it shorter, spicing it up with some Bollywood masala addi ng a huge entertainment and star factor to it and this in short is the definition of IPL.This format of the game has many similarities with both the traditional game of cricket as well as Bollywood. First, the duration this format of the game, more popularly dubbed T20 (for Twenty-20 as it has 20 overs (1 over = 6 balls) a side), runs for around 3 hours the same duration of a typical Bollywood movie. And the heroes are both on and off the field. The on-field heroes are the cricket stars from around the world who entertain the audience with their cricket skills.While the teams with fancy names like Delhi-Dare-Devils, Chennai-Super-Kings, and so forth , have a mix of Indian and international players are mostly owned by Bollywood stars or big Indian business houses. The off-the-field heroes are thence the Bollywood stars and other(a) page-3 regulars (the socialites) who add to the star quotient. The only thing that is left from a typical Bollywood movie are the item numbers. These are substituted for by the rifling cheer-leaders with skimpy outfits employed by each team.Not to mention the IPL Nights-after party that brings in more glitz and glamour. In short, this combination of two big business machines Bollywood and cricket resulted in a bigger business the IPL. So, where is technology in all these, given that my writings are connected to technology most of the time. present we go in 2010, IPL became the first ever sports event to be telecast live on YouTube and I thoroughly enjoyed it.In a way this is indicatory of the future of television given that cricket events are closely associated with commercials and TRPs. We already see the convergence of mobile, desktop and more recently television devices. I am confident that not so far from now, we would be watching all sporting events and movies through the internet. The other technology marvels include the use of Spider-cameras (which was actually borrowed from other sporting events like soccer) and t he high-definition reviews. And yes, there are iPhone apps too

Mission, Vision, and Goals Essay Example for Free

Mission, Vision, and Goals EssayMy mission in life is to be happy with the way my life turned out. Yes, I would get by to have a lot of money and to be known, but whats the point of having all of that when Im not happy that I have it? Most people sneak being grateful for happiness.Wrong Many of the rich and famous are grateful for what they have, but not all are happy with it. No press how my life turns out, I just want to be happy. Whether I am a homeless woman living in a shelter, or a successful entrepreneur living in a million dollar home, I just want to be happy Five-ten old age from now, I follow up myself working on my clothing line and generating a good amount of sales. I see myself getting talked about in some of the hottest means magazines grammatical construction that I am one of the hottest successful plus size fashion designers around.During this time I hope to have a high rolling website for my line, and that I have a huge amount of customers that buy my ite ms. I would also love to have at least one- two fashion boutiques fully knowing and fully staffed. Being a fashion designer is my main career goal. I do not see myself being anything but a designer. Fifteen-twenty years from now, I see myself being in runway shows showing off all of my fabulous designs. I see luxurious clothing stores all across the map with my brand name a logo on the front.My stores exit be fabulous and glamorous like Gucci, Guess, Coach, and Juicy Couture. My clothing will be very elegant and formal. Celebrities, both small and plus size will be flaunting my designs to the Grammys, Oscars, VMAs, and more. My name will be everywhere. I have a hallucination to be compared to other famous designer brands like Prada, Dior, Christian Louboutin, Vera Wang, Fendi and more I want celebreties to specifically request me and my company to design an exclusive garb for a special occasion such as a wedding.Today, I am studying business management at Johnson and Wales Univ ersity. My financial aid has late put me in a position where unfortunately, I will most likely not be attending school next year. Instead, I will be working and saving money, so that I can go to a fashion school and get a fashion degree. While I am working during the summer, I play to buy a sewing machine, and teach myself how to sew clothes. I have been looking to buy a flesh dress form, but unfortunately they range from $95 to nearly $500, so I have decided to make my own.I will be doing a small project where I will make my own mannequin dress form of my best friends body. My plan to help me get a break dance understanding of the fashion world, is to be an intern at a fashion company. I hope to land my first job as a fashion assistant, either before I go to fashion school (if Im lucky) or after I receive my degree. Fashion is a huge part of my life, and no matter what obstacles come in my way like not being able to attend school next year, I will make my dreams of worthy a fas hion designer come true

Applications of Group Technology

Applications of collection Technology1.0 IntroductionNowadays, the global economic of the world is getting increase and improves. All of the countries, nations and citizens argon developing in a fast growing trend. Now the manufacturing processes also acquire to improve to such a way that produce and manufacture a good quality result with lower damages. Therefore a term separate engine room has been introduced. Group technology really refers to a kind of technique which classifies the manufacturing bulge (sometimes named as family part) fit in to the size, flesh, process or length. Some companies may assort in according to other criterion such as the yields function as long as it makes the alliances works easier. Actually, this conference technology really burn help to reduce the increaseion costs. This is beca practise hosting the part together ( group of the part raft be fuckn as family part) can help to save the transportation costs, time of production and all this consequently increase the productivity, in that respectfore, group technology definitely lead be very useful to many of us.Actually people plump using group technology since the 1920s. People start using group technology in manufacturing process during that moment. We be also fitting to see the example of group technology in our daily life. For example, when we go to the program library in our school, all the book result be classify according to the faculty and the title of the books. This method is not only makes the works of the library staff easier but also enables the students or lecturer to find the books that they need easily.During the past decades, people normally used group technology to reduce the cost of production in manufacturing process. However, now the situation has changed, group technology has now become an important strategy for intimately of the manufacturing processes. It is an important aspect to improve the productivity and cause the company to develop in a better way.2.0 Method to develop family partIn pasture to use the concept of group technology, the companies have to think of the way to classify the group. The offshoot step will be classifying the part of the products (family parts) according to two different allots which will be ground on the geometric characteristics and production process characteristics.In geometric characteristics, the products will be sort out according to the size, shape and length. However, if the products are being classified according to the carrying out process, then the machine used for production, method of processing and tools used to hold the products will all being take into consideration. This really is a method to group the part based on their allots. Therefore, the company should observe their own product and determine the best way to classify the products.For example, for those company that actually own a factory that produce screw or bolt nut, the best method of classific ation will be geometric classification since the products may varies in shape and size. However, if the company is actually a health care company, and they are producing body shampoo, toothpaste and mouthwash then the better way to classify the product will be the operation processing classification. This is because the products produced are actually all the same in term of size and shape, but they may be turning in touch sensation and smell. This is causing the operation process to be different from from each one other.Then, the next step will be determining the method to form part families. Normally, the company will use three different methods to form the part families. The methods include cryptogram and classification, manual visual critique and production liquify analysis. Different product may have different method to form the part families. The company should find the best way to group them and obtain the best result.2.1 Classification and codingClassification is a proc ess to group all the related parts into a group and sometimes can be known as part families. Wherease, coding is means that the part families are being assigned with a symbol. People will be able to obtain the entropy of the particular product based on the work out. Each character of the code also carries the information of the previous character. This is the most effective and accurate method to classify group technology among these three methods.Nowadays, there are almost more than 100 types of classification and coding are available in the world. Besides, the coding scheme may vary from one company to another company. Many company had hire some experts to improve the coding ashes but there is no any world(a) acceptance until now. Some of the people may think that coding is just a simple task and can be easily done. However, it is actually a very difficult complex problem. Many time and energy have to be spent in order to find the best coding system that suitable for the comp any.As stated above, there are about 100 kind of coding system available in the world. However, all of the classification and the coding systems are actually can be grouped into three different kind. That will be ranked (monocode), Attribute (polycode) and Hybrid (mixed code).Hierarchical (monocode)Hierarchical (monocode) is actually a coding system which the each character being used will need to depend on the meaning and carry along the information of the previous character. This kind of system also will show a tree structure pattern. The benefit of using this coding system will be the coding system is seem to be more apparent and all the information will be able to obtained based on the code itself. Hierarchical (monocode) is very useful in many ways especially when the products are differing in shape, size or other geometric characteristics.Forming a good hierarchical system can be very difficult. However, there are some hints for those companies who wish to form hierarchical s ystem. When forming the codes, the company should ask themselves some questions. The answers collected from the choices will enable them to form an effective coding system.The benefits of this kind of coding system will be enables us to obtain many information within a iodine few digits code. Furthermore, this kind system makes some part of the part can take aim along some useful abstracting information to the company. However, the dis return will be it is quite impossible to produce a perfect hierarchical system. The other disadvantage will be the existence of sub group can lead to many different sub-sub group, this cause some position having blank code.The figure above is an example of hierarchical (monocode) system and we can see that there is some imperfection in this system overdue to there is some empty coding exists. There some researches being done in order to improve and increase the efficiency of this hierarchical system. Attribute (Polycode)The attribute code system so metimes can be known as polycode and chain code system. This code is different with the monocode in term of their digits. In this polycode system, the digits within the code are all carrying different information. Each digit represents each different attribute of the part.The advantage of this attribute (polycode) system will be very easily understood. This is due to each character is independent from one another. The company can know the details exactly after they saw the code. Unlike hierarchical code, the character has to depend on the previous information. Therefore, only the users who are familiar with the process can read the exact details. But this kind of coding system also did show a very significant disadvantage. This will be the code form will be very long and large.The figure below will be an example of attribute code system. From this table, we can clearly see that each character actually represent different perspective of the products. For example, if we obtain a prod uct with a code of 32123 that it will represent that this product actually has the characteristics of, boxlike in external shape, center repair in internal shape, do not have any play of hole, the type of hole will be cross and the gear teeth is actually an external prod.DigitClass of featurePossible value of digits12341External shapeCylindrical without deviationCylindrical with deviationBoxlike2Internal shapeNoneCenter holeBrind center hole3Number of holes01-23-54Type of holesAxialCrossAxial cross5Gear teethWormInternal spurExternal spur..Hybrid (mixed code)The final category of coding system will be the hybrid (mixed code). This is a kind of code system which most of the company prefer. This system combines the advantage from the Hierarchical (monocode) and Attribute (polycode) system. People may define this is an advanced system code. The example of this code will be A12131B120. The first alphabet A is actually represents the type of part such as gear or screw. The next 5 dig it used to represent the attribute of the part. Then the B in the code above represents another subgroup such as the material or design. The following digit will be explaining the attitude of the subgroup stated. This clearly shows that this system did rely on the precious digit but also have some digit are independent which are able to show the attribute by itself.Actually there are also some organizations and company use a special kind of hybrid (mixed code) system. They are known as DCLASS or MICLASS code and contain up to 8-12 digits in a particular code. However, there is only some specific organizations such as (The Netherlands Organization for Applied Scientific Research) are using this special kind of hybrid (mixed) code system.Manual visual inspectionManual visual inspection will be one of the methods used to classify part families. Actually, this method is not accurate enough compared to coding and production flow analysis. This method is actually classifying the products based on the physical appearance. Sometimes, there will be some companies or organizations are classifying the products only based on the photograph and arrange them based on their feature. Therefore, we can conclude that this is one of the most inaccurate methods of grouping part families.However, there are actually some organizations are suitable to use this kind of coding system for their group technology. There is one company in United State successfully save their company from being backrub by using this manual visual inspection to classify their group technology. Actually, all of the method will be effective as long as it is suitable for the production of the company.Production flow analysisThe other method to determine the part families will be the production flow analysis. This kind of classification system will mainly focus on the production process. The products that need to be manufactured by the same working process will be classified as a part families and then being pr ocessed by using a single kind of machines. The machines that used to manufacture part families are known as cells. Cellular manufacturing is referring to the manufacturing process when the part families are being manufacture by cell machine. The advantage will be this production flow analysis system need less effort compared to coding and classification system.When classifying products by using this system, we need to form a matrix. This matrix actually did bring along some special meaning. This actually is a machine-component chart and it is also a M * N matrix where M = number of machines and N = number of parts. The 2 figures below show the production flow analysis. The grouping will be based on the operation process and find the optimum dissolving agent for it. For example, there is a duplicate D in production flow analysis. This is because machine D need to produce too many parts. If only single machine to be used, group 1 and group 2 have to be combined but they have too man y dissimilar routings,12345678910111213141516171819A11B111C111111D111111111111111E11F1111G11111H1111I11111J11K11Figure above is the component machine chart21111016181263478914151951317H1111D11111(Group1)F1111A11B111E11D(Group 2)1111111111C111111I11111G11111J(Group 3)11K11Figure above is the production flow analysis3.0 Flow Chart in forming group technologyGroup TechnologyAdvantages and disadvantages of group technologyGroup technology will play an important role in the future production plants although now it still does not achieve the widespread application. Using group technology strategy is definitely beneficial to all of us. This strategy is not only beneficial to the company but also beneficial to the citizen or users.The advantages of group technology toward the manufacturing process will be the production process can be improved. For example, the part control can become tighter, the physical layout of the machine group can be improved and the ordering tied toward the producti on also can be improved when group technology is being used. The other advantage will be a more systematic design and redesign can be produced. This will consequently lead to reducing on the homework time of the process and the setup time. The other advantage toward the manufacturing process will be the purchasing cost of the material can be reduced due to the materials are purchase in a very large quantity. This can also improve the accuracy of cost estimation of a certain companies or organizations. All these will definitely bring to an improvement toward the company and causes company or organizations to develop faster.The improvement also can be clear seen on the product itself when group technology is being used. We can clearly see the quality of the products being improved. This is because the number of completely new design can be reduced and this causes the workers more familiar with the part. This leads to a production of better quality products.The advantage that brings t o the customer or users is the cost of the product is reduced when group technology being introduced. This is because the transportation fee to tr

PESTEL Analysis of Tesco

PESTEL abridgment of Tesco Table of Contents PESTEL Analysis Political Economic Social Technology environmental Legal Review of Tesco PLC References PESTEL Analysis Political The UK government has tardily adopted a tax measure that affected Tesco. In 2011 the UK government enlarged the VAT rate from 17.5% to 20% with the butt to increase government revenue by 13 billion per year (BBC, 2011, n. p.). Crossley et al. (2009, p. 3) contend that an increase in the VAT rate leads to lower customer spending. Therefore, an increase in the VAT rate negatively affected the sales revenue generated by Tesco. Sales revenue is the key source of income of the organization and thus it holds a substantial effect on profits (Atrill, 2009, p. 33). The UK government has also proposed to adopt a fat tax with the aim to control obesity and limit the medical problems associated with it (The Guardian, 2011, n. p.). Such measure can adversely affect the sales revenue of certain product s retailed by Tesco. Tesco is responding to such a threat. Indeed, in 2014 Tesco launched a brand modernistic healthy food range (Tesco, 2014, n. p.). Economic The UK economy is showing positive signs of recovery from the financial crises. Higher economic growth rate was forecasted and the gross internal product was estimated to be 2.7% higher than the pre-crises peak (BBC, 2014, n. p.). A growth in economy is a positive sign for Tesco beca part it results in a growth in the supermarket industry, which is the main industry in which Tesco operates. When there is an economic recession, which is the opposite of economic growth the rate of unemployment increases. This results in lower disposable income in the hands of the British people. Therefore, customers will decrease spending and will shift to products of a lower price (Mankiw, 2012, p. 97).Therefore, recovery from the economic recession stimulates revenue growth for Tesco. Social The round of elderly people is increasin g in the UK due to the baby boom generation. In the past years there was a decrease in the birth-rate and an increase in the life expectancy of people (Independent, 2010, n. p.). This led to a shift in the tastes of individuals which should be taken into note by Tesco. For example, the adoption of online shopping by Tesco for grocery products is an approach that takes into consideration the mobility issues that elderly people face. Eastmen and Iyer (2004, p. 208) examined the perception of elderly people to the use of the Internet. These scholars found that elderly people view the Internet favourably and be willing to use it. This research also suggested that elderly people with a high income are generally more in favour to the use of the Internet and are interested to acquire products online (Eastmen and Iyer, 2004, p. 208). Therefore, Tesco has positively responded to this social change. The literature says that the customers opinion of an organisation can quickly change due t o changes in the flavour and price of the companys products, shopping service provided to customers and competitive moves (Kotler and Armstrong, 2010, p. 163-165). This highlights the importance that the corporate strategies should be responsive to the business environment. For example, in 2013 Tesco was accused of the horsemeat scandal. Horse-related puns were identified in Tescos burgers and the organisation was accused of not providing the good quality products claimed in their advertising campaigns (Pratley, 2013, n. p.). This scandal affected negatively the perception of customers on Tesco, which resulted in a decline in sales (Neate and Moulds, 2013, n. p.). Tesco ineluctably to respond to such scandal, which adversely affected its image. Technology Technology is critical for the lend chain management of Tesco. Retailers like Tesco develop supply chain management systems in order to attain competitive advantages and enhance cost efficiency (Tan, 2001, p. 41). Johnson et al. (2005, pp. 132 133) posit that the most effective competitive advantages are those that are difficult to imitate by competitors.These are reflected in the core competencies of the organisation (Johnson et al., 2005, pp. 132 133). Tesco needs to be very attentive to technological advancements because these may be an opportunity for the firm. For example, mobile applied science helped to improve Tescos distribution service because customers can selected their preferred wine through their mobile (Tomlinson and Evans, 2005, n. p.). The management of Tesco needs to be attentive for exuberant technologies, which occur frequently in retailing. For example, the introduction of e-grocers led to a luxuriant wave in the supermarket industry (Wessel and Christensen, 2012, p. 7). Disruptive technologies result from an innovation in engine room that is initially incapable of reaching the performance of the present technology. Therefore, customers value the present technology more than this new technology. However, a niche in the market arises where the disruptive technology is more convenient to customers. Therefore, such technology will appear unattractive to large well established organisations, like Tesco. On the contrary itty-bitty firms will regard a disruptive technology as an opportunity to enhance the market share (CIMA, 2009, pp. 1 2). These small firms will utilise the technology in order to meet the standards of performance expected by the bulk of the market (CIMA, 2009, p. 2). Therefore, over time the disruptive technology will increase in popularity and will be more valuable to customers than the present technology (CIMA, 2009, p. 2). This will thus negatively affect organisations that have not used this technological opportunity. Environmental In the press substantial emphasis is made on global warming and the consequences associated with it. For example, the increase in average temperature is leading to a melting of the icy ice and it is e nvisaged that by 2040 there will be an ice-free summer (National Geographic, 2007, n. p.). Such facts are leading to higher emphasis on environmental sustainability. Tesco is adopting a number of measures that are aimed to protect the environment. For example, Tesco is committed to diminish the consumption of energy and utilisation of greenhouse gases (Tesco, 2014c). Management claimed that when they are doing store adjustments they are taking into account such environmental factors. For example, in Thailand the organisation has invested 3.1 one million million on 49 stores in order to provide energy savings of approximately 2 million (Tesco, 2014, c, pp. 44 45). Legal There are a number of laws that affect Tesco because the organisation markets a wide number of products and services. For example, as regards the uncouth products the UK government is reforming the super C agricultural policy. The government is revising the way direct subsidies will be allocated to farmers (Go v.uk, 2014, n. p.). Such measures can lead to lower subsidies, which affect the ability of farmers to meet the agricultural standards set by Tesco and the prices agreed with organisations engaged in the supermarket industry. Winnett (2012, n. p.) contends that significant fines can be imposed on firms like Tesco if such organisations force agricultural suppliers to wander at a price which is lower than costs. Tesco is also engaged in financial services products like credit cards, savings, loans and mortgages (Tesco, 2014a, n. p.). The monetary Services Act (2012) was recently implemented in the UK (Noked, 2013, n. p.). Three new governing bodies resulted from this act, which consist of the Financial Policy Committee, the prudential Regulatory pronouncement and the Financial Conduct Authority (Noked, 2013, n. p.). The Prudential Regulatory Authority adopts a micro-perspective and is responsible that organisations engaged in financial services products operate in adherence to rel evant regulations (Noked, 2013, n. p.). The Prudential Regulatory Authority seeks to decrease the negative effects arising from disruption to the continuity of financial services, which may be influenced by the way financial services organisations operate or their loser (Noked, 2013, n. p.). Review of Tesco PLC Tesco is facing serious threats that are weakening the leadership in the supermarket industry that the organisation holds in the UK. Furthermore, the financial health of competitive firms is better than that of Tesco. Tesco needs to respond to these threats and utilise its main strength, which consists of a strong brand name in order to sustain its competitive advantages. References ACCA F7 (2009) Financial Reporting The Complete Text. Berkshire Kaplan Publishing. Atrill, P. (2009) Financial Management for Decision Makers. Fifth Edition. capital of the United Kingdom Financial Times Prentice Hall. BBC (2014a) Tesco Turns Stale as Competitors Freshen up Ideas online . ready(prenominal) from http//www.bbc.com/ watchword/business-29310445 Accessed 2 October 2014. BBC (2014) UK preservation Grew 0.9% in Second Quarter, says ONS online. Available from http//www.bbc.com/news/business-29422267 Accessed 1 October 2014. BBC (2011) VAT Rate Rises from 17.5% to 20% (online). Available from http//www.bbc.com/news/business-12099638 Accessed 1 October 2014. Bokaie, J. (2008) Tesco Finest Hits 1.2bn Sales to Become Top food market Brand, Marketing Magazine online. Available from http//www.marketingmagazine.co.uk/article/803672/tesco-finest-hits-12bn-sales-become-top-grocery-brand Accessed 2 October 2014. Brealey, A. R., Myers, C. S. and Allen, F. (2011) Principles of Corporate Finance. Tenth Edition. New York McGraw-Hill Irwin. CIMA (2009) A strategical Approach to Disruptive Technologies online. Available from http//www.cimaglobal.com/Documents/Thought_leadership_docs/cid_dispap_strategic_approach_disruptive_technologies_nov09.pdf Accessed 1 Octobe r 2014. Crossley, T. F., Low, H. and Wakefield, M. (2009) The political economy of a Temporary VAT Cut. Fiscal Studies, 30(1), 3-16. Eastmen, K. J. and Iyer, R. (2004) The Elderlys Uses and Attitudes towards the Internet. Journal of Consumer Marketing, 21(3), 208-220. Eiteman, K. D., Stonehill, I. A. and Moffett, H. M. (1999) Multinational Business Finance. Eighth Edition. New York Addison-Wesley Publishing Company. Gov.uk (2014) Reforming the Common Agricultural Policy to Ensure a Fair Deal for Farmers, Consumers and Taxpayers online. Available from https//www.gov.uk/government/policies/reforming-the-common-agricultural-policy-to-ensure-a-fair-deal-for-farmers-consumers-and-taxpayers Accessed 2 October 2014. Huang, Y. and Huddleston, P. (2009) Retailer Premium Own-Brands Creating Customer Loyalty through Own-Brand Products Advantage. International Journal of Retail and Distribution Management, 37(11), 975-992. Hunger, J. D. and Wheelen, L. T. (2000) Strategic Management. Seve nth Edition. London Prentice Hall. Independent (2010) Will the Baby-Boomers Bankrupt Britain? online. Available from http//www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/politics/will-the-babyboomers-bankrupt-britain-1936027.html Accessed 1 October 2014. Johnson, G., Scholes, K. and Whittington, R. (2005) Exploring Corporate Strategy Text and Cases. Seventh Edition. London Financial Times Prentice Hall. Kaplan, S. R. and Norton, P. D. (1996) The Balanced Scorecard Translating Strategy into Action. Watertown Harvard Business Press. Kotler, P. and Armstrong, G. (2010) Principles of Marketing. Thirteenth Edition. London Prentice Hall. Mankiw, N. G. (2012) Principles of Economics. Sixth Edition. Mason South-Western Cengage Learning. Matsa, A. D. (2011) Competition and Product prime(prenominal) in the Supermarket Industry. The Quarterly Journal of Economics, 26(9), 2375-2410. McKenzie, W. (2003) Using and Interpreting Company Accounts. Third Edition. London Financial Times Prentice Hall. Meyer-W aarden, L. and Benavent, C. (2009) Grocery Retail Loyalty architectural plan Effects Self-Selection or Purchase Behaviour Change? Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 37(3), 345-358. National Geographic (2007) Global Warming Fast Facts online. Available from http//news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2004/12/1206_041206_global_warming.html Accessed 7 October 2014. Neate, R. and Moulds, J. (2013) Tesco Sales Stumble on Horsemeat Scandal, The Guardian online. Available from http//www.theguardian.com/business/2013/jun/05/tesco-sales-fall-horsemeat-scandal Accessed 1 October 2014. Neville, S. (2013) Tesco is still UKs Top Retail Brand notwithstanding Horsemeat Scandal, says Report, The Guardian online. Available from http//www.theguardian.com/business/2013/mar/19/tesco-retail-brand-horsemeat-scandal Accessed 2 October 2014. Noked, N. (2013) Financial Services Act 2012 A New UK Financial Regulatory Framework, The Harvard impartiality School online. Available from http//blogs.l aw.harvard.edu/corpgov/2013/03/24/financial-services-act-2012-a-new-uk-financial-regulatory-framework/ Accessed 2 October 2014. Pike, R. and Neale, B. (2003) Corporate Finance and Investment Decisions and Strategies. Fourth Edition. London Financial Times Prentice Hall. Poulter, S. (2014) Price War at the Checkout Rival Supermarkets Forced to Fight Back after Morrisons Slash 1 Billion off the Cost of Basic Food, Daily Mail online. Available from http//www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2579920/Morrisons-vows-Lidl-Aldi-slashing-prices.html Accessed 3 October 2014. Pratley, N. (2013) Tesco and the Horsemeat Scandal Answers Needed Quickly, The Guardian online. Available from http//www.theguardian.com/business/nils-pratley-on-finance/2013/jan/16/tesco-horsemeat-scandal-reaction?guni=Articlein%20body%20link Accessed 1 October 2014. Reuters (2014) Financials Tesco PLC (TSCO.L) online. Available from http//www.reuters.com/finance/stocks/financialHighlights? figure=TSCO.L Accessed 2 Octob er 2014. Tan, C. K. (2001) A Framework of Supply Chain Management Literature. European Journal of Purchasing and Supply Management, 7, 39-48. Tesco (2014b) Annual Report and Financial Statements 2014 online. Available from http//www.tescoplc.com/files/pdf/reports/ar14/download_annual_report.pdf Accessed 3 October 2014. Tesco (2014 c) Environment online. Available from http//www.tesco.com/csr/downloads/pdf6.pdf Accessed 7 October 2014. Tesco (2014a) Tesco Bank online. Available from http//www.tescobank.com/home/home.html Accessed 2 October 2014. Tesco (2014) Tesco Launches Brand New Healthy Food Range for People on the go online. Available from http//www.tescoplc.com/index.asp?pageid=17newsid=1005 Accessed 1 October 2014. Tomlinson, H. and Evans, R. (2005) Tesco Stocks up on Inside Knowledge of Shoppers Lives, The Guardian online. Available from http//www.theguardian.com/business/2005/sep/20/freedomofinformation.supermarkets Accessed 1 October 2014. The Guardian (2011) UK coul d Introduce generative Tax, says David Cameron online. Available from http//www.theguardian.com/politics/2011/oct/04/uk-obesity-tax-david-cameron Accessed 1 October 2014. Wessel, M. and Christensen, M. C. (2012) Surviving Disruption. Harvard Business Review, 90(12), 56-64. Winnett, R. (2012) Supermarkets Face Large Fines for Abusing Farmers, The Telegraph online. Available from http//www.telegraph.co.uk/earth/agriculture/supermarkets/9720989/Supermarkets-face-large-fines-for-abusing-farmers.html Accessed 2 October 2014. Wood, S. and McCarthy, D. (2014) The UK Food Retail hunt down for Space and Market Saturation A Contemporary Review. The International Review of Retail, Distribution and Consumer Research, 24(2), 121-144. Other Essays on TescoOther essays available on the Tesco organisations areTesco bone AnalysisTesco Business analysisTesco is one of the leading supermarketsTesco Strategy analysisTesco Changing Business EnvironmentTesco Fresh Veg Supply Chain Management

Study On A Paperless System Information Technology Essay

Study On A Paperless System In reachation engineering EssayMany organizations, in an effort to increase their effectiveness and faculty in order to experience competitive advantages in their marketplace, be eager to develop data technology on their caper schemas. The age of information technology provides possibilities for an effective coordination of business process. Different partners and parties transact electronic on the wholey in the modern commercialism environment and this creates a push factor for accounting and auditing systems to convert into news reportless forms as well.Over the last decade, climate change became integrity of the top get word concerns for completely countries. More and more than nations argon concerned with the sustain index of the globes environment and argon trying to contri excepte by various policies much(prenominal) as reducing their carbon footprints, conserving on resources, building greener environments and preserving wildlife habit ats. The challenge is to maintain economic growth without threatening the long term survival prospects of mankind.One of the key issues with regards to the environment is deforestation. Food and Agricultural aged(a) Forestry Officer, Dieter Schoene, said, at a unite Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change workshop in 2006, thatWe are working to solve two of the key environmental issues deforestation and global warming at the same timeThe removal of trees causes many a(prenominal) problems including destruction of natural habitat and damage to our atmosphere. One conclude for deforestation is the production of root. Paper pulp is made of wood. Paper production accounts for most a large percentage of felled trees, and thus paper conservation has been a key concern for the world with plenty of researchers, conservation groups, campaigns and initiatives with the aim of reducing paper usage.A typical sale transaction depart consist of but non limited to the quote, the pu rchase order, the proforma bank note, the deli precise note, the sales invoice. This mover that superstar transaction will use at least five pieces of paper and this does not include other accounts like the bank payment advice, beneficiary advice and other functions that lead to the sale. In 2007, capital of capital of Singapore had at least 160,000 small medium enterprises. If all(prenominal) business had a conservative average of 20 sale transactions per month, 16 million sheets of paper would constitute been used which is the equivalent of 32,000 reams of paper. That would mean to the world a lost of at least 1,800 trees every month just because of Singapores SMEs alone.Paperless system is used for automating the accounting information processes. Automation in accounting system means reducing the paper dependency, and it will provide effectiveness. An effective paperless business system will make paper an option rather than a compulsion and thus reducing the usage of paper in the corporate world.It is for this reason that paperless systems have overly become a deficiency for business processes with many professionals believe that going paperless is no longer an option but a must. Another reason is that paperless systems involve technology which could make the business much more effective. The fast rise of paperless business solutions and providers close to the world goes to show that more and more businesses have identified pursuing a paperless office as a dodging that fucking help them gain a competitive advantage in their marketplace.It has been observed that internationally (Hannon, Neal 2004) many regions are adopting and shifting towards electronic transactions, electronic business systems and even the development of Extensible Business Reporting Language (XBRL), a standardized digital language for business monetary reporting. The EU for example already has a large and extensive list of directives covering the usage of electronic transmis sion of financial transactions, customs and trade documents, taxation issues, online privacy and security.Almost all countries in Asia have electronic transaction laws, with the exception of Sri Lanka and Nepal which have pending legislation. In Singapore there are many statutes that govern the administration of documents deep down organizations. A recent addition is the electronic Transactions bear 2010 where it is specifically stated that where a rule of law requires any document, record or information to be retained, or provides for certain consequences if it is not, that requirement is fulfil by retaining the document, record or information in the form of an electronic record if conditions are satisfied (Singapore Statutes).The Singapore Standard for Auditing, namely SSA 500, as well as deals with electronic documentation. It has specified that electronic evidences are accepted as long as they fulfill the requirements. However it has withal stated that electronic evidences are not as current as original documents. This contradicts the Electronic Transactions Act 2010 where the original documents may actually be in electronic forms.It is in the above context that this ascertain attempts to investigate the ken of the implementation of the Electronics Transactions Act 2010 in Singapore. It further attempts to examine whether such(prenominal) awareness translates into an intention to adopt paperless accounting systems and if there is no intention to adopt paperless accounting systems then the reasons for companies resisting the intention to pursue a paperless office.For the above purpose, the study will conduct a survey on the awareness of paperless accounting and the Electronic Transactions Act 2010 in Singapore and whether it has impacted the way businesses run for in various industries. It will also survey on the reasons that hamper businesses from adopting electronic transactions as part of their operation models. The study will also attempt to run into out what can be possible push factors to help businesses adopt paperless accounting.LITERATURE REVIEWThe case for paperless accounting and chasing paperless offices have been researched and discussed by many practitioners and researchers, yielding a lot of belles-lettres on this topic both in popular and academic sources2.1 The Case for Paperless AccountingPaperless accounting is base on electronic transactions where all business transactions are recorded electronically. The literature available on this topic is generally from popular sources with very little scholarly research attempted. The literature on paperless accounting from both popular and academic sources is primarily targeted on the benefits of going paperless, ways to implement a paperless office. They are focused on building the case for businesses to adopt a paperless strategy.Many researchers and practitioners believed that businesses must adopt paperless processes as part of their strategies. As a play a long grows and the transactions increase it will require a paperless system for its business processes (Webster 2004). James Blaylock (2005) believed thatGoing paperless is no longer an option, but must for a certified public accountant (Certified Public Accountant).Businesses have to go paperless in order to keep up with their competition. The mentality has changed. For example in 2005, a survey by PCPS/Texas Society of CPAs subject field Management of Accounting Practice (MAP) showed that 41% of CPA respondents indicated that they would consider going paperless, and 20% already have done it. 25% of the firms are planning to go paperless, but 13% will not consider it. Later in 2008, CCH Incorporated surveyed accountancy practitioners who have implemented paperless system. Of those of were surveyed, 95% would recommend the idea of aspect up paperless offices to other users.However some researchers have also challenged the notion that paperless is the way to go. Paper is so far th e most widely used form of document medium due to its many benefits that is not easy to replace and will still co-exist with electronic documents in the long term (Liu and Stork, 2000) Paper usage cannot be reduced significantly unless work practices are re-organized and the digital alternative to paper has to be improved. Until that happens, offices will still most likely have paper around (Sellen 2003). This view is further re-emphasized by Gragg (2004) where he pointed out that it is difficult to depend solely on electronic documentation due to swift developments in software product technology and hard copies will unlikely go away permanently. It is also wrong to assume that there will be no printing be in a paperless office since a lot of people will carry on to print out the documents that are sent to them electronically, even if abundant investments have been made to obtain technology that help to store documents digitally.What Sellen and Gragg observed in 2003 and 2004 resp ectively still hold true today. The world usage of paper is still increasing. Some businesses still stick to paper. Even those which have invested in technology to automate their business processes still rely heavily on paper documents. For example, it is not uncommon to see executives printing out hard copies of their email correspondences. Logistics and shipping companies still require hardcopies of the bills of lading and certificates on goods. Banks and tax authorities still require hardcopies of hand-signed institutional documents. In such cases, businesses should look at usage of recycled paper which is more environmentally friendly although the ultimate aim should still be at reduction eventually.Therefore the case for paperless offices is very obvious with many benefits that all businesses should strive to achieve. Paperless accounting can bring about increased efficiency while at the same time humbleering the costs of accounting (Gullkvist 2002). Brian Steinert, director o f specialty software product management at CCH, in a supplement to Accounting Today, said thatBecause of the amazing efficiencies that result from streamlined, integrated workf haplesss because of the greater productivity brought about when professionals have anytime/anywhere access to what they read and anywhere/anytime ability to collaborate with their peers because young professionals expect and embrace paperless processes because all professionals will spend more time on high-level, high-value work because money will be saved in the long run simply by buying and storing much less paper.Cost reduction will be the primary objective for many vendors who are considering implement paperless business processes (Davis 2005). Reduction in paper usage will also reduce the damage to the environment.The amount of literature available on paperless accounting suggests that it is a widely known concept around the world. However the lack of literature on the adoption rate of paperless accoun ting systems even in the United States and Europe, which are considered to be more developed in terms of technology, suggests that the actual awareness of the public is much lesser. A survey on the awareness of paperless accounting in Singapore should yield negative results.2.2 Electronic Transactions Act in SingaporeMany regions around the world are experiencing pressures for effective and regulatory changes due to the growth of paperless offices. The paperless office demands that transactions are documented electronically. Therefore the laws related, for example taxation and contract laws, need to be updated to recognize digital records of transactions as legal documents. As the information technology environment develops over time, nations will also move to improve their laws governing electronic commerce. This can be observed from the United Nations Convention on the Use of Electronic Communications in International Contracts (UN Convention), select by the General Assembly of the United Nations on 23rd November 2005 which was based upon the UNCITRAL Model Law on Electronic Commerce issued in 1998. The main driver for the new Convention was the fact that the electronic commerce environment in 2005 was very different from 1998 due to the evolution of the Internet.Singapore, being the first country in 1998 to follow the UNCITRAL Model Law on Electronic Commerce, on 7 July 2010 was the first Asian country to confirm its alignment to the new Convention, which is aimed at minimizing differences between laws in different countries. Therefore Singapore needs to update its Electronic Transactions Act (ETA) 1998 to complement the UN Convention and this resulted in ETA 2010.The ETA 2010, although based on the one in 1998, has introduced many key changes, one of it being Clause 9 which provides thatWhere a rule of law requires certain documents, records or information to be retained, the requirement is satisfied by retaining them in the form of electronic records su bject to certain safeguards. If the rule of law already expressly provides for such retention in electronic records, the clause will not apply. A public agency may impose additional requirements for the retention of electronic records under its jurisdiction.This is the critical change that allows for the feasibility of a paperless office as businesses are no longer required to keep paper records of their business transactions by law.Besides financial reporting purposes, the other reason that companies archive their financial transactions is for audit purposes. In the Singapore Standard on Auditing under SSA 500, A31 states thatAudit evidence in documentary form, whether paper, electronic, or other medium, is more reliable than evidence obtained orally (for example, a contemporaneously written record of a meeting is more reliable than a subsequent oral representation of the matters discussed)This is undifferentiated with the ETA 2010 and further enhances the notion that companies no longer have to generate invoices in paper forms. Businesses can choose to issue their invoices in digital formats to their clients. The digital invoice will be recognized in the eyes of the law as a legal document.As the ETA 2010 was passed only in July this year, it is expected that most executives will be unaware of this change in the Act and subsequently, most will not have plans to adopt paperless accounting systems yet. The survey will attempt to sterilise if this is indeed the case.METHODOLOGYThe primary research instrument used in this paper is a questionnaire which is piloted among members of the public working in finance related positions crossways a wide range of industries. The diversity of the members surveyed was as wide as possible in order to obtain a good mix of retorts from members in both IT-savvy industries and non IT-savvy industries. The survey was administered and collected between October-November 2010. In keeping with the topic that is being discussed the questionnaires were sent out either via e-mail as attachments or by transfers via thumb drives and respondents were encouraged to complete and return in the same manner.The questions were structured in order to get feedback of respondents awareness of the Electronic Transactions Act 2010, whether it has impacted the way their businesses operate. If it has no impact yet, the survey will aim to find out why the business has not adopted a paperless transactions as part of its operations and what factors will push the business to adopt paperless systems.Surveys were distributed to 200 possible respondents from through digital survey forms. Although the target members were requested to reply in digital formats with respect to the topic in questions, some respondents replied through their own paper formats of the survey. Instructions and explanations are clearly stated should the respondents face any difficulties in understanding the questions.RESULTS4.1 Question oneAfter 2 reminders, t he surveys were returned by 124 (62 percent respond rate) respondents. The breakdown of the respondents according to their industries is shown in the chart below.Chart 4.1 Breakdown by IndustriesAlthough an attempt to survey a wide diversity of respondents was made, 47% of the respondents came from the Banking and finance and the IT industry. This is highly due to the fact that almost half of the 200 surveys were distributed at 2 commercial buildings physically where the tenants at both buildings consisted mainly of companies providing financial services or IT-related services. In order to obtain a more accurate receipt rate for different industries, the survey should have been distributed in a fixed number per industry.It must also be mentioned that a larger sample of respondents is ask in order to obtain more accurate results that can be indicative of the total population.4.2 Question 2The second question of the survey was to find out whether the respondents were aware of paperl ess accounting. The results of the survey are shown below.Q1Q2YesNoBanking and Finance321913Fashion514Food deglutition13112IT26917Logistics404Manufacturing1129Pharmaceutical101Property110 sell20119Trade1046Government101 tot1243886 parry 4.1 Question 2 resultsOut of the 124 respondents, 69% of the respondents were unaware of what is paperless accounting. This is consistent with what was concluded in the literature review. Although paperless accounting is widely discussed in both popular and academic articles, the adoption and awareness rates are much lower. This is especially the case as shown by the results above, where almost 74% of the respondents who are aware of paperless accounting come from IT-savvy industries. And even within the IT-savvy industries, only 28 out of the 58 respondents (48%) are aware of what is paperless accounting. Clearly, more has to be done in order to increase the awareness.4.3 Question 3The third question of the survey asked if respondents are aware of the Electronic Transactions Act 2010. As discussed in the literature review, the awareness level should be low since this Act was only in effect since Jul 2010. The results of the survey are listed below.Q1Q3YesNoBanking and Finance32626Fashion514Food Beverage13013IT26620Logistics404Manufacturing11011Pharmaceutical101Property101Retail20020Trade1019Government100Total12414110Table 4.2 Question 3 ResultsThe results are almost one-sided with 88% of the respondents stating that they are unaware of the Electronic Transactions Act 2010. Most are unaware that invoices no longer need to be in paper form and can be sent via electronic means. This can be considered as a misadventure on the part of the government when the residents of a country are unaware that the country is the first Asian country to ratify the UN Convention. The government will need to raise awareness through more media coverage, campaigns and gazettes.4.4 Question 4The fourth question of the survey tries to find the adop tion rate of paperless accounting by businesses in Singapore. The results are tabulated below.Q1Q4YesNoBanking and Finance19019Fashion101Food Beverage101IT963Logistics000Manufacturing202Pharmaceutical000Property101Retail101Trade413Government000Total38731Table 4.3 Question 4 ResultsSince the results of the previous 2 questions have indicated that there is a lack of awareness of paperless accounting and the Electronic Transactions Act 2010, only 38 respondents answered this question. The rate of adoption of paperless accounting systems cannot be high. base on these 38 respondents, only 18% of the companies implemented paperless systems. Based on the results of this survey, Singapore is on a long road to becoming a paperless society. It is worthy to note that among the 19 respondents in the Banking and Finance industry who are aware of what paperless systems are none of them were in companies that implemented such systems. This is highly likely due to the nature of their industry whe re paper documents are required.4.5 Question 5Question 5 asked respondents, whose companies have not implemented paperless systems, the reasons behind their companies decisions. A list of 5 options was offered to the respondents and they were allowed to choose more than one. The following chart shows their responses.Chart 4.2 Reasons for not adopting Paperless SystemsOut of the 38 respondents, only 3 mat up that paperless systems were costly. A majority of 30 felt that their suppliers and clients required paper documents and thus there was no need for them to adopt paperless systems. This clearly shows that the respondents and their clients/supplier as well are unaware of the new Electronics Transaction Act 2010. Half of the respondents felt that paperless systems are not adopted as it was not a standard procedure in their industry. Thus if their competitors started adopting paperless systems, they will highly likely follow suit as well. 13 respondents felt that there was no need t o implement paperless systems since it is not mandatory by law and 7 felt that there were not many incentives to adopt such systems.4.6 Question 6Question 6 surveyed all the respondents on the factors that will push their companies to adopt paperless accounting. Again, a list of 5 options was offered and respondents were allowed to choose more than one option. The chart below shows their response.Chart 4.3 Push Factors for Paperless AccountingThe biggest push factor for companies to adopt paperless accounting systems is for the government to make is a legal requirement. This is indicated by the response of 66% of those surveyed. 76 of the respondents indicated that they will consider adopting paperless systems if it is one of their industry standards. Half of the respondents felt that there is a need to create more awareness of paperless accounting. It is also worthwhile to note that less than 30% of respondents are looking at incentives and costs of adopting paperless accounting.CO NCLUSIONThis survey, carried out in late 2010, found a low level of awareness and adoption rate of paperless accounting. The results of this study must be interpreted in the light of the response rate of 62%, which were obtained after 2 reminders. The final sample size of 124 respondents is definitely not a good indicator of the total population. The fact that 47% of respondents came from 2 out of at least 8 different industries shows that the distribution of the survey was not conducted wide enough although the time given for the survey to be conducted has to be taken into consideration. Basically this means that more time and resources need to be allowed in order for a similar survey to be conducted on a wider scale. A survey that yields at least 1000 respondents that are equally distributed across different industries will be a better indicator of the total population.The results of the survey indicate low awareness of both paperless accounting and the new Electronic Transactions Act 2010. Survey respondents have indicated that there should be more awareness made about paperless accounting. This indicates that there is a lot of potential in the Singapore market for companies that provide digital document management services. The government can increase the awareness of paperless accounting by setting up a national framework for a paperless society as well. This framework should be aimed at resolving the issues that are creating resistance to paperless accounting and helping Singapore businesses to switch to paperless accounting systems progressively.When businesses adopt paperless accounting systems, there are a few authorities that will have to be involved as well. For example, the Monetary Authority of Singapore will have to look into solutions that can enable banking and financial institutions to adopt paperless business processes without agree on risks and securities. The Accounting and Corporate Regulatory Authority will have to look into the acceptan ce of electronic financial statements. The Inland Revenue Authority of Singapore will have to come up with solutions that enable business to file their taxes electronically. By creating such frameworks and support, businesses can be assured of a smoother and easier alteration as they adopt paperless accounting systems. This will greatly reduce the resistance to the adoption of paperless business processes that currently exists.The survey results should be interpreted with caution as they indicate only respondents awareness of paperless accounting and the Electronic Transactions Act 2010. However it does indicate that there is a need for more research to be done regarding actual business adoption rates of paperless systems and the benefits that both companies and the environment enjoy with the reduced usage of paper.

Sanford and Son and The Chapelle Show :: comedy

Sanford and Son and The Chapelle Show It was hilarious whenever Fred Sanford of the hit series Sanford and Son used to fake his heart attack saying that famous phrase, Im coming Elizabeth or what about him telling Aunt Ester how ugly she was. No one took that type of comedy to the heart and it was intended to hurt no one. It was only for a laugh. Now in todays time there are new shows on television such as The Chapelle Show, which is hosted and directed by the comedian Dave Chapelle. The object of this show seems to be how much fun he can make of a different race. Times earn changed and so have good deals since of humor. People went from the laid-back type sitcoms such as Sanford and Son, The Three Stooges, and The Little Rascals, which are all types of shows that people can watch with their entire family, to shows even adults olfactory sensation turned away from. Some examples include The Chapelle Show and In Living Color.Fred Sanford never meant any harm by acting as if he did non understand Officer Hoppys (the white cop) way of explaining things. Officer Smitty (the black cop) would always have to translate it so that Fred was able to understand what was going on. In the episode Weve Been Robbed, Fred is cleaning up the place and accidentally knocks over Lamonts (his partner in business and thirty-four year old news) porcelain and glass collection. Fred acts as if they had been robbed whenever his son gets home and he informs Lamont that the two robbers were white. (Ruben) This was probably overlooked by most of the viewers not thinking twice about it. People thought laughter was good and Fred Sanford made them laugh without using all of the cuss words he knew to do it.These days, people think that cursing and making fun of people of early(a) races is funny and that is just what The Chapelle Show does. The show comes on every Wednesday night at nine-thirty central time on comedy central with other discriminating shows such as South Park. South Park is a good example of racial discrimination because the only black character on there is a cook for a school. Boy that is one hell of a job. Chapelle tops them all though with skits such as The Racial Draft. In this skit he makes fun of every race there is.

The Subjection of Women and Slavery Essay -- Women’s Rights, Philosoph

In this first unit, one of the readings that really caught my attention was John Stuart hero sandwichs The Subjection of Wo workforce. In his essay, Mills presents a very compelling argu handst that the subordination of one hinge on to another is wrong and that in that location should be instead, perfect equality amongst the sexes. Having previously studied about gender inequality issues from another class, I have a broad understanding of how and wherefore gender inequality has been perpetuated through various historical, political, and cordial contexts. Incorporating this knowledge as well as information learned through the readings and lectures, I hope to luck my thoughts on the subjection of women and its relationship to slavery in this personal response paper.As an advocate for womens rights and suffrage, the Utilitarianism view of Mill had a profound diverge in his writing and it is very much evident in this essay. Mill felt that the oppressions of people of any kind cann ot possibly bring about the A-one benefit to society (which is the central point to the Utilitarianism theory). The subordination of the weaker sex to the stronger rests upon theory only. There is no evidence to support the idea that one sex is superior over another as Mill expresses in the quote below.The adoption of this system of inequality never was the result of deliberation, or forethought, or any social ideas, or any notion whatever of what conduced to the benefits of humanity or the good order of society (Mill, 1995, pg.11). This idea of gender superiority/inferiority is just a social construct of oppression. There are no significant differences between man and women (besides biologically) that signifies their superiority/inferiority other than what only society believes them ... ... issues of oppression in which classifications such as race, class, and gender are all interconnected. Because of historical discrimination, societies have operated in a way that favors certai n individuals over another. In this case, it would be that of men over women because of their supposed superiority in physical strength (overlooking other attributes such as moral values and intelligence). This made me reflect on how the perspectives of sex and love have really changed over time as well as how influential both strength and power were in the shaping of the roles of men and women throughout history.Works CitedMill, J. S. (1995). The subjection of women. In R. Stewart (Ed.), Philosophical Perspectives on Sex and Love (pp. 11-17). New York, New York Oxford University Press, Inc.Soble, A. A history of the philosophy of sex and love. (p. 22).